The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan (Sanskrit: मङ्गलयान, English: Mars-craft) is a Mars orbiter that was successfully launched on 5th November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The mission is a "technology demonstrator" project aiming to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission.
The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from First Launch Pad at Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C-25 at 2:38 PM IST (9:08 UTC) on November 5, 2013.[10].The launch window available is for about 20 days starting 28 October.[3]The official countdown for blast-off of the Indian orbiter, nicknamed "Mangalyaan", began at 06:08 am on November 3, 2013 and ended with the successful completion of the automatic launch sequence and launch of the PSLV C-25 rocket. This is India's first mission to Mars.
ശാസ്ത്ര സാങ്കേതികരംഗത്ത് നാഴികകല്ലായി മാറുമെന്ന് കരുതുന്ന ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ചൊവ്വാ ദൗത്യമായ മംഗള്യാന് ചൊവ്വയിലേക്കുള്ള കുതിപ്പ് തുടങ്ങി. മുന് നിശ്ചയിച്ച പ്രകാരംശ്രീഹരിക്കോട്ടയിലെ സതീഷ് ധവാന് സ്പേസ് സെന്ററില് ഉച്ചക്കഴിഞ്ഞ് 2.38നാണ് മംഗള്യാന്റെ വിക്ഷേപണം നടന്നത്.
The primary objective of the Mars Orbiter Mission is to showcase India's rocket launch systems, spacecraft-building and operations capabilities.The secondary objective is to explore Mars' surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere using indigenous scientific instruments.
The main objective of this first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission, comprising the following major tasks:
Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars. Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management. Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
The government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space Research Organisation completed INR1.25 billion (US$19 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to INR4.54 billion (US$69 million). The space agency had initially planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November 2013 following the inability of ISRO's spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving Hohmann transfer orbit occur about every 26 months, in this case, 2016 and 2018. If successful, ISRO would become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after Roscosmos, NASA, and ESA.
The Indian Deep Space Network will perform navigation and tracking operations of this mission, while NASA's Deep Space Network will provide support services during the non-visible period of the Indian government Network. Additional monitoring will be provided by Shipping Corporation of India's tracking ships SCI Nalanda and SCI Yamuna which are currently in position in the South Pacific, off Fiji, during the initial phases of the launch and the separation of the spacecraft from the fourth stage of the rocket.
The space agency will use its PSLV-XL (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) rocket. The November 2013 launch will place the Mars Orbiter Mission into Earth orbit, then six engine firings on 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 16 of November will raise that orbit to one with an apogee of 23,000 kilometres (14,000 mi) and a perigee of 238 kilometres (148 mi) where it will remain for about 25 days. A final firing in 30 November 2013 will send MOM onto an interplanetary trajectory. Mars orbit insertion is planned for 24 September 2014 02:34 and would allow the spacecraft to enter a highly elliptical orbit with a period of 76.72 hours and a periapsis of 377 kilometres (234 mi) and apo-apsis of 80,000 kilometres (50,000 mi) around Mars. The spacecraft's dry mass is 500 kilograms (1,100 lb), and it will carry 850 kilograms (1,870 lb) of propellant and oxidiser. The main engine uses the bipropellant combination monomethylhydrazine and dinitrogen tetroxide for orbit insertion and other manoeuvres. The probe is expected to arrive in Mars orbit in September 2014 approximately at the same time as NASA's MAVEN orbiter.
The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from First Launch Pad at Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C-25 at 2:38 PM IST (9:08 UTC) on November 5, 2013.[10].The launch window available is for about 20 days starting 28 October.[3]The official countdown for blast-off of the Indian orbiter, nicknamed "Mangalyaan", began at 06:08 am on November 3, 2013 and ended with the successful completion of the automatic launch sequence and launch of the PSLV C-25 rocket. This is India's first mission to Mars.
ശാസ്ത്ര സാങ്കേതികരംഗത്ത് നാഴികകല്ലായി മാറുമെന്ന് കരുതുന്ന ഇന്ത്യയുടെ ചൊവ്വാ ദൗത്യമായ മംഗള്യാന് ചൊവ്വയിലേക്കുള്ള കുതിപ്പ് തുടങ്ങി. മുന് നിശ്ചയിച്ച പ്രകാരംശ്രീഹരിക്കോട്ടയിലെ സതീഷ് ധവാന് സ്പേസ് സെന്ററില് ഉച്ചക്കഴിഞ്ഞ് 2.38നാണ് മംഗള്യാന്റെ വിക്ഷേപണം നടന്നത്.
‘മംഗള്യാന് ‘ ഡിസംബര് ഒന്നുവരെ ഭൗമ ഭ്രമണപഥത്തിലുണ്ടാവും. അവിടെ നിന്നാണ് ചൊവ്വയുടെ ഭ്രമണപഥം ലക്ഷ്യമാക്കിയുള്ള സഞ്ചാരം തുടങ്ങുക. 300 ദിവസത്തോളമെടുക്കുന്ന ഈ യാത്രയുടെ ഒടുവില് 2014 സപ്തംബര് ഇരുപത്തിനാലോടെ പര്യവേക്ഷണവാഹനം ചൊവ്വയുടെ ഭ്രമണപഥത്തിലേക്ക് പ്രവേശിക്കുമെന്നാണ് ഐ.എസ്.ആര്.ഒ.യുടെ കണക്കുകൂട്ടല്. പോര്ട്ട്ബ്ലയര്, ബംഗളുരു, ബ്രൂണെ എന്നിവിടങ്ങളിലെ വെഹിക്കിള്
ട്രാക്കിംഗ് സ്റ്റേഷനുകളില്നിന്നാകും വിക്ഷേപണത്തിനുശേഷമുള്ള
റോക്കറ്റിന്റെ പ്രവര്ത്തനങ്ങള് നിയന്ത്രിക്കുക. ഷിപ്പിംഗ് കോര്പറേഷന്റെ
എസ്.സി.ഐ. നളന്ദ, എസ്.സി.ഐ. യമുന എന്നീ കപ്പലുകളും സൗത്ത് പസഫിക്
സമുദ്രത്തില്നിന്നു നിയന്ത്രണ പ്രവര്ത്തനങ്ങളില് പങ്കാളിയാകും.
ദൗത്യം വിജയിച്ചാല് റഷ്യക്കും അമേരിക്കയ്ക്കും യൂറോപ്യന് യൂണിയനും ശേഷം ചൊവ്വയിലേക്ക് പര്യവേക്ഷണ വാഹനം അയക്കുന്ന രാജ്യമായിരിക്കും ഇന്ത്യ. മറ്റു രാജ്യങ്ങളുടെ ചൊവ്വ പര്യവേക്ഷണവുമായി താരതമ്യം ചെയ്യുമ്പോള് ഏറ്റവും ചെറിയ തുക ഉപയോഗിച്ചുള്ള ചൊവ്വ ദൗത്യമാണിത്. പദ്ധതിയുടെ ചെലവ് 450 കോടി രൂപയാണ്.
Objectives of Mangalyaan
The main objective of this first Indian mission to Mars is to develop the technologies required for design, planning, management and operations of an interplanetary mission, comprising the following major tasks:
Design and realisation of a Mars orbiter with a capability to perform Earth bound manoeuvres, cruise phase of 300 days, Mars orbit insertion / capture, and on-orbit phase around Mars. Deep space communication, navigation, mission planning and management. Incorporate autonomous features to handle contingency situations.
The government of India approved the project on 3 August 2012, after the Indian Space Research Organisation completed INR1.25 billion (US$19 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost may be up to INR4.54 billion (US$69 million). The space agency had initially planned the launch on 28 October 2013 but was postponed to 5 November 2013 following the inability of ISRO's spacecraft tracking ships to take up pre-determined positions due to poor weather in the Pacific ocean. Launch opportunities for a fuel-saving Hohmann transfer orbit occur about every 26 months, in this case, 2016 and 2018. If successful, ISRO would become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after Roscosmos, NASA, and ESA.
The Indian Deep Space Network will perform navigation and tracking operations of this mission, while NASA's Deep Space Network will provide support services during the non-visible period of the Indian government Network. Additional monitoring will be provided by Shipping Corporation of India's tracking ships SCI Nalanda and SCI Yamuna which are currently in position in the South Pacific, off Fiji, during the initial phases of the launch and the separation of the spacecraft from the fourth stage of the rocket.
The space agency will use its PSLV-XL (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) rocket. The November 2013 launch will place the Mars Orbiter Mission into Earth orbit, then six engine firings on 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 16 of November will raise that orbit to one with an apogee of 23,000 kilometres (14,000 mi) and a perigee of 238 kilometres (148 mi) where it will remain for about 25 days. A final firing in 30 November 2013 will send MOM onto an interplanetary trajectory. Mars orbit insertion is planned for 24 September 2014 02:34 and would allow the spacecraft to enter a highly elliptical orbit with a period of 76.72 hours and a periapsis of 377 kilometres (234 mi) and apo-apsis of 80,000 kilometres (50,000 mi) around Mars. The spacecraft's dry mass is 500 kilograms (1,100 lb), and it will carry 850 kilograms (1,870 lb) of propellant and oxidiser. The main engine uses the bipropellant combination monomethylhydrazine and dinitrogen tetroxide for orbit insertion and other manoeuvres. The probe is expected to arrive in Mars orbit in September 2014 approximately at the same time as NASA's MAVEN orbiter.
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